The Effectiveness of Practice Genre Based Approach (PGBA) in Enhancing Students’ English Essay Writing Proficiency to College Classroom Contexts
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine whether the ability of the fourth semester students of accounting program of Politeknik Sekayu in writing English essays through Process Genre-Based Approach (PGBA) increase. The design of this experiment method research was pre-experimental-one group pretest posttest. The population was semester IV (even) students for the academic year 2022/2023. Total sampling technique was applied. Data collection techniques were carried out using pretest and post-test. The treatment was carried out 6 times. The results of the data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that the posttest average score (70.7) was higher than the pretest average (55.67). This showed that the semester students' ability to write English essays through the Application of the Process Genre-Based Approach (PGBA) increased. The results of this study were very useful for: (1) students to improve their essay writing skills; (2) teachers (lecturers) to add an approach to learning to write essays through PGBA with (a) preparation stages; (b) modeling and reinforcing; (c) planning; (d) joint construction; (e) independent constructing; and (f) revising. (3) English lecturers and teachers can conduct classroom action research using PGBA.
References
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Al-khazraji, A. (2019). Analysis of discourse markers in essays writing in ESL classroom. International Journal of Instruction, 12(2), 559–572. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12235a
Al-Mukdad, S. (2019). Investigating english academic writing problems encountered by arab international university students. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 9(3), 300–306. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0903.07
Al-Zubaidi, K. O. (2012). The Academic Writing of Arab Postgraduate Students: Discussing the Main Language Issues. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 66, 46–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.246
Ariyanti, A. (2016). The Teaching of EFL Writing in Indonesia. Dinamika Ilmu, 16(2), 263–277. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v16i2.274
Ariyanti, A., & Fitriana, R. (2017). E FL Students’ Difficulties and Needs in Essay Writing A. Ariyanti 1 , Rinda Fitriana 1 1. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), 158(Ictte), 111–121.
Asadifard, A., & Koosha, M. (2013). EFL instructors and student writers’ perceptions on academic writing reluctance. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(9), 1572–1578. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.3.9.1572-1578
Ashraf, M., Rubab, I., & Ajmal, M. (2020). Investigating the Problems of organization and vocabulary in academic writing encountered by students at postgraduate level. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(8), 2766–2779.
Badger, R., & White, G. (2000). A process genre approach to teaching writing. ELT Journal, 54(2), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/54.2.153
Bakry, M. S., & Alsamadani, H. A. (2015). Improving the Persuasive Essay Writing of Students of Arabic as a Foreign Language (AFL): Effects of Self-Regulated Strategy Development. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 182, 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.742
Belkhir, A., & Benyelles, R. (2017). Identifying EFL Learners Essay Writing Difficulties and Sources: A Move towards Solution The Case of Second Year EFL Learners at Tlemcen University. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 16(6), 80–88.
Boonyarattanasoontorn, P. (2017). An investigation of Thai students’ English language writing difficulties and their use of writing strategies. Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(2), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.26500/jarssh-02-2017-0205
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Ceylan, N. O. (2019). Student perceptions of difficulties in second language writing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.547683
Choemue, S., & Bram, B. (2021). Discourse markers in academic and non-academic writings of thai efl learners. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(3), 1209–1226. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i3.20122
Christzer, J., Pablo, I., Candy, R., & Lasaten, S. (2018). Writing Difficulties and Quality of Academic Essays of Senior High School Students. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 6(4), 46–57.
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Fadda, H. Al. (2012). Difficulties in academic writing: From the perspective of King Saud University postgraduate students. English Language Teaching, 5(3), 123–130. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v5n3p123
Fareed, M., Ashraf, A., & Bilal, M. (2016). ESL Learners’ Writing Skills: Problems, Factors and Suggestions. Journal of Education & Social Sciences, 4(2), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.20547/jess0421604201
Geyte, E. Van. (2013). Writing: Learn to write better academic essays. In HarperCollins Limited.
Ghabool, N., Mariadass, M. E. A., & Kashef, S. H. (2012). Investigating Malaysian ESL Students’ Writing Problems on Conventions, Punctuation, and Language Use at Secondary School Level. Journal of Studies in Education, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.5296/jse.v2i3.1892
Graham, S., McKeown, D., Kiuhara, S., & Harris, K. R. (2012). A meta-analysis of writing instruction for students in the elementary grades. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104(4), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029185
Hafidz, M. (2021). The graphic organizer’s effect on the students’ writing achievement in argumentative paragraph. EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka) : Culture, Language, and Teaching of English, 6(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.26905/enjourme.v6i1.5701
Hajeid, M. R. (2018). Developing Students Essay Writing. English Language Teaching, 11(12), 101. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n12p101
Harmer, J. (2007). Harmer_3Rd_Edition.
Hasan, J., & Marzuki, M. (2017). An Analysis of Student’s Ability in Writing at Riau University Pekanbaru - Indonesia. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 7(5), 380. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0705.08
Hosseini, M., Taghizadeh, M. E., Abedin, M. J. Z., & Naseri, E. (2013). In the Importance of EFL Learners’ Writing Skill: Is there any Relation between Writing Skill and Content Score of English Essay Test? International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 6, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.6.1
Imani, A., & Habil, H. (2012). NNS Postgraduate Students’ Academic Writing: Problem-solving Strategies and Grammatical Features. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 66(July), 460–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.290
Jabali, O. (2018). Students’ attitudes towards EFL university writing: A case study at An-Najah National University, Palestine. Heliyon, 4(11), e00896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00896
Jebreil, N., Azizifar, A., & Gowhary, H. (2015). Investigating the Effect of Anxiety of Male and Female Iranian EFL Learners on their Writing Performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 185, 190–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.360
Mahmoudi, F., & Buğra, C. (2020). the Effects of Using Rubrics and Face To Face Feedback in Teaching Writing Skill in Higher Education. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET), 7(1), 150–158.
Mardia Rahmi dalam Oboi, S. C. U. (2013). No 主観的å¥åº·æ„Ÿã‚’ä¸å¿ƒã¨ã—ãŸåœ¨å®…高齢者ã«ãŠã‘ã‚‹å¥åº·é–¢é€£æŒ‡æ¨™ã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹å…±åˆ†æ•£æ§‹é€ 分æžTitle. 1–58.
Marpaung, T. (2018). Using Collaborative Sensory Detail Chart to Increase Number of Content Words of Studentsâ€TM Descriptive Writing. SMCC Higher Education Research Journal, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.18868/sher5j.05.01213.10
Md Safian, M. T. (2007). No 主観的å¥åº·æ„Ÿã‚’ä¸å¿ƒã¨ã—ãŸåœ¨å®…高齢者ã«ãŠã‘ã‚‹å¥åº·é–¢é€£æŒ‡æ¨™ã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹å…±åˆ†æ•£æ§‹é€ 分æžTitle. Revista Brasileira de Ergonomia, 9(2), 10. https://www.infodesign.org.br/infodesign/article/view/355%0Ahttp://www.abergo.org.br/revista/index.php/ae/article/view/731%0Ahttp://www.abergo.org.br/revista/index.php/ae/article/view/269%0Ahttp://www.abergo.org.br/revista/index.php/ae/article/view/106
Musa, N. C., Lie, K. Y., & Azman, H. (2012). Exploring English language learning and teaching in Malaysia. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 12(1), 35–51.
Nenotek, S. A., Tlonaen, Z. A., & Manubulu, H. A. (2022). Exploring University Students’ Difficulties in Writing English Academic Essay. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(1), 909–920. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i1.1352
Oshima, A. A. H. (1998). Third Edition Academic English.
Ouali Chafa, M. (2015). People’S Democratic Republic of Algeria Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research University of Bejaia Faculty of Arts and Languages Department of English Investigating Efl Students’ Writing Difficulties and Common Errors in Writing.
Rachmawati, S. M., & Susanti, Y. (2016). the Use of Transitions in the Students Argumentative Essay. English Education: Journal of English Teaching and Research, 1(2), 10. https://doi.org/10.29407/jetar.v1i2.482
Ramasamy, R. M. M., & Aziz, A. B. A. (2018). Peer Assessment in Writing Using Frog VLE in a Secondary School ESL Classroom. Creative Education, 09(14), 2265–2279. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2018.914167
Richards, J. C., & Renandya, W. A. (2002). Methodology in Language Teaching An Anthology of Current Practice Chapter 1 ~ English Language Teaching in the “Post-Method†Era: Toward Better Diagnosis, Treatment, and Assessment. May. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.36344.72962
Robertson, P., & Nunn, R. (2007). The Asian EFL Journal Quarterly March 2007 Volume 9, Issue 1. Asian EFL Journal, 9(1), 1–247.
Rusinovci, X. (2015). Teaching writing through process-genre based approach. US-China Education Review A, 5(10), 699–705. https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-623X/2015.10.006
Sabarun, . (2018). Needs Analysis on Developing EFL Paragraph Writing Materials at Kalimantan L2 learners. English Language Teaching, 12(1), 186. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n1p186
Smalley, R. L., & Ruetten, M. K. (2012). Refining Composition Skills : Academic Writing and Grammar 6 th Edition Instructor ’ s Manual with Answer Key Contents :5, 1–89.
Soltanpour, F., & Valizadeh, M. (2018). A Flipped Writing Classroom: Effects on EFL Learners’ Argumentative Essays. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 9(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.1p.5
Toba, R., Noor, W. N., & Sanu, L. O. (2019). The Current Issues of Indonesian EFL Students’ Writing Skills: Ability, Problem, and Reason in Writing Comparison and Contrast Essay. Dinamika Ilmu, 19(1), 57–73. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v19i1.1506
Trinh, L. H. (2020). The effectiveness of using scoring rubrics in academic writing to English-majored students. Vietnam Journal of Education, 4(4), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.52296/vje.2020.83
Tseng, C. C. (2019). Senior high school teachers’ beliefs about efl writing instruction. Taiwan Journal of TESOL, 16(1), 1–39. https://doi.org/10.30397/TJTESOL.201904_16(1).0001
Yunus, M. M., & Chien, C. H. (2016). The Use of Mind Mapping Strategy in Malaysian University English Test (MUET) Writing. Creative Education, 07(04), 619–626. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2016.74064
Al-Badi, I. A. H. (2015). Academic writing difficulties of ESL learners. WEI International Academic Conference Proceedings, 63–76. http://www.westeastinstitute.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Ibtisam-Ali-Hassan-Al-Badi-full-Paper.pdf
Al-khazraji, A. (2019). Analysis of discourse markers in essays writing in ESL classroom. International Journal of Instruction, 12(2), 559–572. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12235a
Al-Mukdad, S. (2019). Investigating english academic writing problems encountered by arab international university students. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 9(3), 300–306. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0903.07
Al-Zubaidi, K. O. (2012). The Academic Writing of Arab Postgraduate Students: Discussing the Main Language Issues. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 66, 46–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.246
Ariyanti, A. (2016). The Teaching of EFL Writing in Indonesia. Dinamika Ilmu, 16(2), 263–277. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v16i2.274
Ariyanti, A., & Fitriana, R. (2017). E FL Students’ Difficulties and Needs in Essay Writing A. Ariyanti 1 , Rinda Fitriana 1 1. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), 158(Ictte), 111–121.
Asadifard, A., & Koosha, M. (2013). EFL instructors and student writers’ perceptions on academic writing reluctance. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(9), 1572–1578. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.3.9.1572-1578
Ashraf, M., Rubab, I., & Ajmal, M. (2020). Investigating the Problems of organization and vocabulary in academic writing encountered by students at postgraduate level. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(8), 2766–2779.
Badger, R., & White, G. (2000). A process genre approach to teaching writing. ELT Journal, 54(2), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/54.2.153
Bakry, M. S., & Alsamadani, H. A. (2015). Improving the Persuasive Essay Writing of Students of Arabic as a Foreign Language (AFL): Effects of Self-Regulated Strategy Development. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 182, 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.742
Belkhir, A., & Benyelles, R. (2017). Identifying EFL Learners Essay Writing Difficulties and Sources: A Move towards Solution The Case of Second Year EFL Learners at Tlemcen University. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 16(6), 80–88.
Boonyarattanasoontorn, P. (2017). An investigation of Thai students’ English language writing difficulties and their use of writing strategies. Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(2), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.26500/jarssh-02-2017-0205
Brown, H. D. (2007). Principle of Language Learning and Teahcing. In Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning (pp. 1743–1745).
Bulqiyah, S., Mahbub, M. A., & Nugraheni, D. A. (2021). Investigating writing difficulties in essay writing: Tertiary students’ perspectives. English Language Teaching Educational Journal, 4(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.12928/eltej.v4i1.2371
Ceylan, N. O. (2019). Student perceptions of difficulties in second language writing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.547683
Choemue, S., & Bram, B. (2021). Discourse markers in academic and non-academic writings of thai efl learners. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(3), 1209–1226. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i3.20122
Christzer, J., Pablo, I., Candy, R., & Lasaten, S. (2018). Writing Difficulties and Quality of Academic Essays of Senior High School Students. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 6(4), 46–57.
Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism: Comparing Critical Features from an Instructional Design Perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 6(4), 50–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1937-8327.1993.tb00605.x
Fadda, H. Al. (2012). Difficulties in academic writing: From the perspective of King Saud University postgraduate students. English Language Teaching, 5(3), 123–130. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v5n3p123
Fareed, M., Ashraf, A., & Bilal, M. (2016). ESL Learners’ Writing Skills: Problems, Factors and Suggestions. Journal of Education & Social Sciences, 4(2), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.20547/jess0421604201
Geyte, E. Van. (2013). Writing: Learn to write better academic essays. In HarperCollins Limited.
Ghabool, N., Mariadass, M. E. A., & Kashef, S. H. (2012). Investigating Malaysian ESL Students’ Writing Problems on Conventions, Punctuation, and Language Use at Secondary School Level. Journal of Studies in Education, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.5296/jse.v2i3.1892
Graham, S., McKeown, D., Kiuhara, S., & Harris, K. R. (2012). A meta-analysis of writing instruction for students in the elementary grades. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104(4), 879–896. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029185
Hafidz, M. (2021). The graphic organizer’s effect on the students’ writing achievement in argumentative paragraph. EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka) : Culture, Language, and Teaching of English, 6(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.26905/enjourme.v6i1.5701
Hajeid, M. R. (2018). Developing Students Essay Writing. English Language Teaching, 11(12), 101. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n12p101
Harmer, J. (2007). Harmer_3Rd_Edition.
Hasan, J., & Marzuki, M. (2017). An Analysis of Student’s Ability in Writing at Riau University Pekanbaru - Indonesia. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 7(5), 380. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0705.08
Hosseini, M., Taghizadeh, M. E., Abedin, M. J. Z., & Naseri, E. (2013). In the Importance of EFL Learners’ Writing Skill: Is there any Relation between Writing Skill and Content Score of English Essay Test? International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 6, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.6.1
Imani, A., & Habil, H. (2012). NNS Postgraduate Students’ Academic Writing: Problem-solving Strategies and Grammatical Features. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 66(July), 460–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.290
Jabali, O. (2018). Students’ attitudes towards EFL university writing: A case study at An-Najah National University, Palestine. Heliyon, 4(11), e00896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00896
Jebreil, N., Azizifar, A., & Gowhary, H. (2015). Investigating the Effect of Anxiety of Male and Female Iranian EFL Learners on their Writing Performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 185, 190–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.360
Mahmoudi, F., & Buğra, C. (2020). the Effects of Using Rubrics and Face To Face Feedback in Teaching Writing Skill in Higher Education. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET), 7(1), 150–158.
Mardia Rahmi dalam Oboi, S. C. U. (2013). No 主観的å¥åº·æ„Ÿã‚’ä¸å¿ƒã¨ã—ãŸåœ¨å®…高齢者ã«ãŠã‘ã‚‹å¥åº·é–¢é€£æŒ‡æ¨™ã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹å…±åˆ†æ•£æ§‹é€ 分æžTitle. 1–58.
Marpaung, T. (2018). Using Collaborative Sensory Detail Chart to Increase Number of Content Words of Studentsâ€TM Descriptive Writing. SMCC Higher Education Research Journal, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.18868/sher5j.05.01213.10
Md Safian, M. T. (2007). No 主観的å¥åº·æ„Ÿã‚’ä¸å¿ƒã¨ã—ãŸåœ¨å®…高齢者ã«ãŠã‘ã‚‹å¥åº·é–¢é€£æŒ‡æ¨™ã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹å…±åˆ†æ•£æ§‹é€ 分æžTitle. Revista Brasileira de Ergonomia, 9(2), 10. https://www.infodesign.org.br/infodesign/article/view/355%0Ahttp://www.abergo.org.br/revista/index.php/ae/article/view/731%0Ahttp://www.abergo.org.br/revista/index.php/ae/article/view/269%0Ahttp://www.abergo.org.br/revista/index.php/ae/article/view/106
Musa, N. C., Lie, K. Y., & Azman, H. (2012). Exploring English language learning and teaching in Malaysia. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 12(1), 35–51.
Nenotek, S. A., Tlonaen, Z. A., & Manubulu, H. A. (2022). Exploring University Students’ Difficulties in Writing English Academic Essay. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(1), 909–920. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i1.1352
Oshima, A. A. H. (1998). Third Edition Academic English.
Ouali Chafa, M. (2015). People’S Democratic Republic of Algeria Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research University of Bejaia Faculty of Arts and Languages Department of English Investigating Efl Students’ Writing Difficulties and Common Errors in Writing.
Rachmawati, S. M., & Susanti, Y. (2016). the Use of Transitions in the Students Argumentative Essay. English Education: Journal of English Teaching and Research, 1(2), 10. https://doi.org/10.29407/jetar.v1i2.482
Ramasamy, R. M. M., & Aziz, A. B. A. (2018). Peer Assessment in Writing Using Frog VLE in a Secondary School ESL Classroom. Creative Education, 09(14), 2265–2279. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2018.914167
Richards, J. C., & Renandya, W. A. (2002). Methodology in Language Teaching An Anthology of Current Practice Chapter 1 ~ English Language Teaching in the “Post-Method†Era: Toward Better Diagnosis, Treatment, and Assessment. May. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.36344.72962
Robertson, P., & Nunn, R. (2007). The Asian EFL Journal Quarterly March 2007 Volume 9, Issue 1. Asian EFL Journal, 9(1), 1–247.
Rusinovci, X. (2015). Teaching writing through process-genre based approach. US-China Education Review A, 5(10), 699–705. https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-623X/2015.10.006
Sabarun, . (2018). Needs Analysis on Developing EFL Paragraph Writing Materials at Kalimantan L2 learners. English Language Teaching, 12(1), 186. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n1p186
Smalley, R. L., & Ruetten, M. K. (2012). Refining Composition Skills : Academic Writing and Grammar 6 th Edition Instructor ’ s Manual with Answer Key Contents :5, 1–89.
Soltanpour, F., & Valizadeh, M. (2018). A Flipped Writing Classroom: Effects on EFL Learners’ Argumentative Essays. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 9(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.1p.5
Toba, R., Noor, W. N., & Sanu, L. O. (2019). The Current Issues of Indonesian EFL Students’ Writing Skills: Ability, Problem, and Reason in Writing Comparison and Contrast Essay. Dinamika Ilmu, 19(1), 57–73. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v19i1.1506
Trinh, L. H. (2020). The effectiveness of using scoring rubrics in academic writing to English-majored students. Vietnam Journal of Education, 4(4), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.52296/vje.2020.83
Tseng, C. C. (2019). Senior high school teachers’ beliefs about efl writing instruction. Taiwan Journal of TESOL, 16(1), 1–39. https://doi.org/10.30397/TJTESOL.201904_16(1).0001
Yunus, M. M., & Chien, C. H. (2016). The Use of Mind Mapping Strategy in Malaysian University English Test (MUET) Writing. Creative Education, 07(04), 619–626. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2016.74064
Published
2024-01-22
How to Cite
HARPIANSI, Harpiansi.
The Effectiveness of Practice Genre Based Approach (PGBA) in Enhancing Students’ English Essay Writing Proficiency to College Classroom Contexts.
Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Proficiency, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 1, p. 150 - 167, jan. 2024.
Available at: <https://ejournal.uniska-kediri.ac.id/index.php/PROFICIENCY/article/view/4816>. Date accessed: 22 jan. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32503/proficiency.v6i1.4816.
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