CURRENT TRENDS IN EFL SPEAKING INSTRUCTION
THE STATE OFTHE ART REVIEW
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This article reviews the current practices in teaching EFL speaking, highlighting recent developments and identifying future trends in the field. It discusses key challenges faced in EFL speaking instruction, effective teaching methods, and the role of digital media in enhancing speaking skills. The article also examines psychological factors such as anxiety, motivation, and gender differences, and how these impact students' speaking performance. Using the state of the art method, the review synthesizes current research on pedagogical strategies like role-play, debates, and project-based learning, as well as the integration of platforms like TikTok and Flipgrid in language teaching. Based on this review, the article provides recommendations for EFL teachers and researchers, emphasizing the need for a supportive learning environment, the use of engaging materials, and the integration of technology to improve speaking proficiency among EFL learners.
Keywords: EFL speaking, communicative competence, teaching methods, digital media, speaking anxiety, student motivation
References
Adhelia, S., & Triastuti, A. (2023). Online Communicative Speaking Tasks to Enhance Students’ Speaking Skills. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 7(2), 307–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.210
Agustin, A. dan S. (2019). LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 22(1), 46–57.
Akalu, S. M. (2020). The Effect of Task-Based Language Teaching on Students’ Oral Communication Skills in EFL Classroom. Journal of English Education, 5(2), 104–116. https://doi.org/10.31327/jee.v5i2.1327
Amoah, S., & Yeboah, J. (2021). The speaking difficulties of Chinese EFL learners and their motivation towards speaking the English language. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(1), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.52462/jlls.4
Anandari, C. L. (2015). Indonesian Efl Students’ Anxiety in Speech Production: Possible Causes and Remedy. TEFLIN Journal - A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 26(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v26i1/1-16
Andriani, A., Abdullah, F., Hidayati, A. N., & Syafira, N. A. N. (2024). Teaching speaking in Kampung Inggris: the tutors’ challenges and solutions. Journal of Education and Learning, 18(1), 253–260. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v18i1.21175
Arief Pamuji. (2020). The anxienty of speaking English ability in ICT usage as media TEFL on nursing students of STIK Bina Husada Palembang. Language and Education Journal, 5(2), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.52237/lej.v5i2.178
Aslan, R., & Şahin, M. (2020). ‘I feel like i go blank’: Identifying the factors affecting classroom participation in an oral communication course. Teflin Journal, 31(1), 19–43. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v31i1/19-43
Emsaki, M., & Simin, S. (2017). Comparative study of terminating conversation strategies used by graduate TEFL students and graduate native English speaking students. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning, 7(2), 47–64. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsll.2017.1792
Eshankulovna, R. A. (2021). Modern technologies and mobile apps in developing speaking skill. Linguistics and Culture Review, 5(S2), 1216–1225. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns2.1809
Fauzi, I., & Asi, N. (2023). Examining Speaking Anxiety of Indonesian Learners of English: A Case of University Students. English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 7(2), 263–275. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v7i2.1338
Haniah, A. U., Ngadiso, N., & Setyaningsih, E. (2021). Students’ Perception on the Implementation of Online Project-Based Learning in Teaching 4Cs. IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics), 6(1), 123. https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v6i1.895
Hayati, N. (2010). Empowering Non-Native English Speaking Teachers. TEFLIN Journal, Volume 21, Number 1, February 2010, 21(1), 78–89.
Islam, R., & Musdalifah, M. (2022). Teaching Speaking Skill of English as Foreign Language in Secondary School Level. Journey: Journal of English Language and Pedagogy, 5(2), 229–239. https://doi.org/10.33503/journey.v5i2.2083
Jayanti, W. I. D., Ulyani, M., & Susanti, A. (2022). the Student’S Perception Towards English Speaks Up Club To Improve Speaking Skill. Premise: Journal of English Education, 11(1), 141. https://doi.org/10.24127/pj.v11i1.4492
Khaerani, N. S., Lintangsari, A. P., Gayatri, P., & Brawijaya, U. (2023). (Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies) P-ISSN: 2407-2575 E-ISSN: 2503-2194 https://jurnalfaktarbiyah.iainkediri.ac.id/index.php/jeels. Listening To Students’ and Teachers’ Voices: Online Teaching Practices Leading To Efl Learners ’ Demotivation, 10 (January 2023), 119–148.
Limeranto, J. T., & Bram, B. (2022). Exploring EFL Graduate Students’ Perspectives and Strategies to Improve English Speaking Skills. Surakarta English and Literature Journal, 5(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.52429/selju.v5i1.813
Mistar, J., & Umamah, A. (2014). Strategies of Learning Speaking Skill By Indonesian Learners of English and Their Contribution To Speaking Proficiency. TEFLIN Journal - A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 25(2), 203. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v25i2/203-216
Moosa, S., Shareefa, M., & Hammad, A. (2025). Boosting Fluency and Confidence: The Impact of Role-Play Activities on Speaking Skills of ESL Learners. International Journal of Literacies, 32(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-0136/CGP/v32i01/21-34
Navidinia, H., Mobaraki, M., & Malekzadeh, F. (2019). Investigating the effect of noticing on EFL students’ speaking accuracy. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.1216a
Pratiwi, W. R., Atmowardoyo, H., & Salija, K. (2020). The need analysis of participation in an english immersion village at Kampung Inggris pare. International Journal of Language Education, 4(1), 158–170. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v4i2.12599
Rachmawaty, N., & Hermagustiana, I. (2015). Does Retelling Technique Improve Speaking Fluency? TEFLIN Journal - A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 21(1), 01. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v21i1/1-8
Ratnasari, A. G. (2020). EFL Students’ Challenges in Learning Speaking Skills: A Case Study in Mechanical Engineering Department. Journal of Foreign Languange Teaching and Learning, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.18196/ftl.5145
Rosita, E., & Halimi, S. (2023). The Use of Flipgrid in Improving Secondary School Teachers’ Motivation and Confidence in Speaking English. JEELS (Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies), 10(1), 27–55. https://doi.org/10.30762/jeels.v10i1.842
Rosmawar, Asnawi Muslim, N. E.-. (2018). The effect of Using English Video Clips Pair Work Activity on Students’ Speaking skill. Research in English and Education (READ), 3(1), 63-75, February 2018, 10(2), 244–245.
Samaranayake, S., Samaranayake, S. W., Kositchaivat, S., & Prasansapah, S. (2024). EFL/ESL Tertiary-Level Learners are No Longer Required to Repeat the Same Dialogues in Speaking Classes: A Case Study from Thai University. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 9(1), 179–197. www.ijeltal.org
Saputra, E. R., & Lumbanbatu, I. M. F. (2024). Indonesian Undergraduate EFL Students’ Perception of the Use of Debate as Learning English-Speaking Method. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 9(1), 121–132.
Setyowati, L. (2020). The Role Of Speaking Practices On Grammar Learning. English Education, 7(1), 18–28. http://ejournal.stkipjb.ac.id/index.php/jeelURL:https://doi.org/10.32682/jeell.v7i1.1519
Shimray, Y. P. (2023). The Effectiveness of Online Speaking Tasks (OST) on English Communication Ability of Thai EFL Undergraduates. IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics), 8(2), 25. https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v8i2.1445
Sismiati, & Latief, M. A. (2012). Developing instructional materials on English oral communication. TEFLIN Journal, 23(1), 44–59.
Siswandi, S., & Rizaldi, F. (2021). An Experimental Study: Cartoon Videos as Media Instruction on Students Speaking Ability. Indonesian Journal of Integrated English Language Teaching, 7(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.24014/ijielt.v7i1.13775
Sugiyati, K., & Indriani, L. (2021). Exploring the Level and Primary Causes of Public Speaking Anxiety Among English Department Students. Journal of Research on Language Education, 2(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.33365/jorle.v2i1.906
Surtees, V. (2016). Beliefs about Language Learning in Study Abroad: Advocating for a Language Ideology Approach. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 27(1), 85–103. https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v27i1.376
Titik Komariyah, Winda Sulistiowati, Lisa Arifatul Fajri, & Nugraheni Allatif. (2022). The Implementation of TikTok Application to Learn Speaking Skill in English Language Teaching (ELT). Conference on English Language Teaching, 2(Celti), 142–154. https://doi.org/10.24090/celti.v2.43
Tran, N. K. C., & Nguyen, T. T. H. (2024). The Use of TED Talks to Enhance EFL Students’ Public Speaking Skills: English-Majored Seniors’ Practices and Perceptions. International Journal of Language Instruction, 3(1), 66–90. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.24315
Ummah, M. S. (2019). FACE TO FACE ONLINE SPEAKING PRACTICE: A COMPARISON OF STUDENTS’ FOREIGN LANGUGAGE CLASSROOM ANXIETY LEVEL. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(1), 1–14. http://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1091/RED2017-Eng-8ene.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.06.005%0Ahttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/305320484_SISTEM_PEMBETUNGAN_TERPUSAT_STRATEGI_MELESTARI
Wahyuningsih, S., & Afandi, M. (2020). Investigating English speaking problems: Implications for speaking curriculum development in Indonesia. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 967–977. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.9.3.967
Yaniawati, P., Maat, S. M., Supianti, I. I., & Fisher, D. (2022). European Journal of Educational Research. European Journal of Educational Research, 11(1), 69–81. https://pdf.eu-jer.com/EU-JER_9_1_395.pdf
Yildiz, M. (2021). The factors causing english speaking anxiety on non-english major academics while using english as a medium of instruction. Teflin Journal, 32(2), 389–412. https://doi.org/10.15639/http:/teflinjournal.v32i2/389-412
Ying, Y. H., Siang, W. E. W., & Mohamad, M. (2021). The Challenges of Learning English Skills and the Integration of Social Media and Video Conferencing Tools to Help ESL Learners Coping with the Challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review. Creative Education, 12(07), 1503–1516. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.127115
Yunita, P., Arafiq, A., Azis, A. D., & Sahuddin, S. (2023). The Use of English Short Animation Movies to Improve Students’ Listening Skill: A Study at The First Grade of SMPN 1 Lingsar Academic Year 2022/2023. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 8(3), 1282–1286. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v8i3.1483
Agustin, A. dan S. (2019). LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 22(1), 46–57.
Akalu, S. M. (2020). The Effect of Task-Based Language Teaching on Students’ Oral Communication Skills in EFL Classroom. Journal of English Education, 5(2), 104–116. https://doi.org/10.31327/jee.v5i2.1327
Amoah, S., & Yeboah, J. (2021). The speaking difficulties of Chinese EFL learners and their motivation towards speaking the English language. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(1), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.52462/jlls.4
Anandari, C. L. (2015). Indonesian Efl Students’ Anxiety in Speech Production: Possible Causes and Remedy. TEFLIN Journal - A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 26(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v26i1/1-16
Andriani, A., Abdullah, F., Hidayati, A. N., & Syafira, N. A. N. (2024). Teaching speaking in Kampung Inggris: the tutors’ challenges and solutions. Journal of Education and Learning, 18(1), 253–260. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v18i1.21175
Arief Pamuji. (2020). The anxienty of speaking English ability in ICT usage as media TEFL on nursing students of STIK Bina Husada Palembang. Language and Education Journal, 5(2), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.52237/lej.v5i2.178
Aslan, R., & Şahin, M. (2020). ‘I feel like i go blank’: Identifying the factors affecting classroom participation in an oral communication course. Teflin Journal, 31(1), 19–43. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v31i1/19-43
Emsaki, M., & Simin, S. (2017). Comparative study of terminating conversation strategies used by graduate TEFL students and graduate native English speaking students. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning, 7(2), 47–64. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsll.2017.1792
Eshankulovna, R. A. (2021). Modern technologies and mobile apps in developing speaking skill. Linguistics and Culture Review, 5(S2), 1216–1225. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns2.1809
Fauzi, I., & Asi, N. (2023). Examining Speaking Anxiety of Indonesian Learners of English: A Case of University Students. English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 7(2), 263–275. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v7i2.1338
Haniah, A. U., Ngadiso, N., & Setyaningsih, E. (2021). Students’ Perception on the Implementation of Online Project-Based Learning in Teaching 4Cs. IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics), 6(1), 123. https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v6i1.895
Hayati, N. (2010). Empowering Non-Native English Speaking Teachers. TEFLIN Journal, Volume 21, Number 1, February 2010, 21(1), 78–89.
Islam, R., & Musdalifah, M. (2022). Teaching Speaking Skill of English as Foreign Language in Secondary School Level. Journey: Journal of English Language and Pedagogy, 5(2), 229–239. https://doi.org/10.33503/journey.v5i2.2083
Jayanti, W. I. D., Ulyani, M., & Susanti, A. (2022). the Student’S Perception Towards English Speaks Up Club To Improve Speaking Skill. Premise: Journal of English Education, 11(1), 141. https://doi.org/10.24127/pj.v11i1.4492
Khaerani, N. S., Lintangsari, A. P., Gayatri, P., & Brawijaya, U. (2023). (Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies) P-ISSN: 2407-2575 E-ISSN: 2503-2194 https://jurnalfaktarbiyah.iainkediri.ac.id/index.php/jeels. Listening To Students’ and Teachers’ Voices: Online Teaching Practices Leading To Efl Learners ’ Demotivation, 10 (January 2023), 119–148.
Limeranto, J. T., & Bram, B. (2022). Exploring EFL Graduate Students’ Perspectives and Strategies to Improve English Speaking Skills. Surakarta English and Literature Journal, 5(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.52429/selju.v5i1.813
Mistar, J., & Umamah, A. (2014). Strategies of Learning Speaking Skill By Indonesian Learners of English and Their Contribution To Speaking Proficiency. TEFLIN Journal - A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 25(2), 203. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v25i2/203-216
Moosa, S., Shareefa, M., & Hammad, A. (2025). Boosting Fluency and Confidence: The Impact of Role-Play Activities on Speaking Skills of ESL Learners. International Journal of Literacies, 32(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-0136/CGP/v32i01/21-34
Navidinia, H., Mobaraki, M., & Malekzadeh, F. (2019). Investigating the effect of noticing on EFL students’ speaking accuracy. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.1216a
Pratiwi, W. R., Atmowardoyo, H., & Salija, K. (2020). The need analysis of participation in an english immersion village at Kampung Inggris pare. International Journal of Language Education, 4(1), 158–170. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v4i2.12599
Rachmawaty, N., & Hermagustiana, I. (2015). Does Retelling Technique Improve Speaking Fluency? TEFLIN Journal - A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 21(1), 01. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v21i1/1-8
Ratnasari, A. G. (2020). EFL Students’ Challenges in Learning Speaking Skills: A Case Study in Mechanical Engineering Department. Journal of Foreign Languange Teaching and Learning, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.18196/ftl.5145
Rosita, E., & Halimi, S. (2023). The Use of Flipgrid in Improving Secondary School Teachers’ Motivation and Confidence in Speaking English. JEELS (Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies), 10(1), 27–55. https://doi.org/10.30762/jeels.v10i1.842
Rosmawar, Asnawi Muslim, N. E.-. (2018). The effect of Using English Video Clips Pair Work Activity on Students’ Speaking skill. Research in English and Education (READ), 3(1), 63-75, February 2018, 10(2), 244–245.
Samaranayake, S., Samaranayake, S. W., Kositchaivat, S., & Prasansapah, S. (2024). EFL/ESL Tertiary-Level Learners are No Longer Required to Repeat the Same Dialogues in Speaking Classes: A Case Study from Thai University. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 9(1), 179–197. www.ijeltal.org
Saputra, E. R., & Lumbanbatu, I. M. F. (2024). Indonesian Undergraduate EFL Students’ Perception of the Use of Debate as Learning English-Speaking Method. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 9(1), 121–132.
Setyowati, L. (2020). The Role Of Speaking Practices On Grammar Learning. English Education, 7(1), 18–28. http://ejournal.stkipjb.ac.id/index.php/jeelURL:https://doi.org/10.32682/jeell.v7i1.1519
Shimray, Y. P. (2023). The Effectiveness of Online Speaking Tasks (OST) on English Communication Ability of Thai EFL Undergraduates. IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics), 8(2), 25. https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v8i2.1445
Sismiati, & Latief, M. A. (2012). Developing instructional materials on English oral communication. TEFLIN Journal, 23(1), 44–59.
Siswandi, S., & Rizaldi, F. (2021). An Experimental Study: Cartoon Videos as Media Instruction on Students Speaking Ability. Indonesian Journal of Integrated English Language Teaching, 7(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.24014/ijielt.v7i1.13775
Sugiyati, K., & Indriani, L. (2021). Exploring the Level and Primary Causes of Public Speaking Anxiety Among English Department Students. Journal of Research on Language Education, 2(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.33365/jorle.v2i1.906
Surtees, V. (2016). Beliefs about Language Learning in Study Abroad: Advocating for a Language Ideology Approach. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 27(1), 85–103. https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v27i1.376
Titik Komariyah, Winda Sulistiowati, Lisa Arifatul Fajri, & Nugraheni Allatif. (2022). The Implementation of TikTok Application to Learn Speaking Skill in English Language Teaching (ELT). Conference on English Language Teaching, 2(Celti), 142–154. https://doi.org/10.24090/celti.v2.43
Tran, N. K. C., & Nguyen, T. T. H. (2024). The Use of TED Talks to Enhance EFL Students’ Public Speaking Skills: English-Majored Seniors’ Practices and Perceptions. International Journal of Language Instruction, 3(1), 66–90. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.24315
Ummah, M. S. (2019). FACE TO FACE ONLINE SPEAKING PRACTICE: A COMPARISON OF STUDENTS’ FOREIGN LANGUGAGE CLASSROOM ANXIETY LEVEL. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(1), 1–14. http://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1091/RED2017-Eng-8ene.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.06.005%0Ahttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/305320484_SISTEM_PEMBETUNGAN_TERPUSAT_STRATEGI_MELESTARI
Wahyuningsih, S., & Afandi, M. (2020). Investigating English speaking problems: Implications for speaking curriculum development in Indonesia. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 967–977. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.9.3.967
Yaniawati, P., Maat, S. M., Supianti, I. I., & Fisher, D. (2022). European Journal of Educational Research. European Journal of Educational Research, 11(1), 69–81. https://pdf.eu-jer.com/EU-JER_9_1_395.pdf
Yildiz, M. (2021). The factors causing english speaking anxiety on non-english major academics while using english as a medium of instruction. Teflin Journal, 32(2), 389–412. https://doi.org/10.15639/http:/teflinjournal.v32i2/389-412
Ying, Y. H., Siang, W. E. W., & Mohamad, M. (2021). The Challenges of Learning English Skills and the Integration of Social Media and Video Conferencing Tools to Help ESL Learners Coping with the Challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review. Creative Education, 12(07), 1503–1516. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.127115
Yunita, P., Arafiq, A., Azis, A. D., & Sahuddin, S. (2023). The Use of English Short Animation Movies to Improve Students’ Listening Skill: A Study at The First Grade of SMPN 1 Lingsar Academic Year 2022/2023. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 8(3), 1282–1286. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v8i3.1483
Published
2025-01-01
How to Cite
SUGIHARTO, M.
CURRENT TRENDS IN EFL SPEAKING INSTRUCTION.
Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Proficiency, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 37-60, jan. 2025.
Available at: <https://ejournal.uniska-kediri.ac.id/index.php/PROFICIENCY/article/view/6531>. Date accessed: 05 feb. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32503/proficiency.v7i1.6531.
Section
Articles
