Pembentukan Instrumen Hukum Internasional Baru tentang Lalu Lintas Di Ruang Angkasa
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https://doi.org/10.32503/diversi.v9i1.3226
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang Negara dan entitas non-negara yang saling bersaing untuk melakukan aktivitas di ruang angkasa. Hal ini membuat ruang angkasa menjadi semakin padat. Aktivitas yang ada sekarang dikhawatirkan menimbulkan permasalahan di kemudian hari. Sementara belum ada aturan hukum yang khusus terkait hal tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaturan Hukum Ruang Angkasa saat ini terkait kegiatan di ruang angkasa serta mengkaji secara mendalam apakah diperlukan pengaturan secara khusus terkait lalu lintas ruang angkasa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kegiatan di ruang angkasa saat ini memang tidak melanggar asas kebebasan eksplorasi. Namun kegiatan di ruang angkasa seharusnya tidak mengganggu aktivitas negara yang lain. Ketiadaan aturan yang jelas terkait hal tersebut, maka diperlukan aturan internasional yang sifatnya lebih khusus. Terpenuhinya unsur filosofis, yuridis, dan politis pada permasalahan tersebut menjadi dasar alasan bahwa aturan Hukum Internasional yang sifatnya lebih khusus diperlukan. Adanya aturan yang lebih khusus diharapkan dapat memperjelas bagaimana seharusnya kegiatan di ruang angkasa dilakukan sehingga ruang angkasa menjadi tempat yang aman baik bagi lingkungan di ruang angkasa dan juga lingkungan di permukaan bumi.Referensi
1. Buku
Kusumaatmadja, Mochtar, and Etty R Agoes. Pengantar Hukum Internasional. Penerbit Alumni, 2021.
Lyall, Francis. Space Law: A Treatise. Routledge, 2016.
Soekanto, Soerjono, and Sri Mamudji. Penelitian Hukum Normatif : Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2015.
Starke, JG. Pengantar Hukum Internasional. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2010.
Tronchetti, Fabio. Fundamentals of Space Law and Policy. Vol. 26. Springer, 2013.
Viikari, Lotta. The Environmental Element in Space Law. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff, 2008.
Widagdo, Setyo, Adi Kusumaningrum, and Dony Aditya Prasetyo. Pengantar Hukum Perjanjian Internasional. Universitas Brawijaya Press, 2019.
Widagdo, Setyo, Herman Suryokumoro, Hanif Nur Widhiyanti, Dhiana Puspitawati, Patricia Audrey, Adi Kusumaningrum, Rika Kurniaty, Agis Ardhiansyah, Hikmatul Ula, and Yasniar Rachmawati Madjid. Hukum Internasional Dalam Dinamika Hubungan Internasional. Universitas Brawijaya Press, 2019.
2. Artikel Jurnal Ilmiah
Ardhiansyah, Agis. “Urgensi Pengaturan Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle (UAV) Sebagai Senjata Menurut Hukum Humaniter Internasional.†DIVERSI: Jurnal Hukum 8, no. 1 (2022): 1–27.
Gupta, Biswanath, and K D Raju. “Understanding International Space Law and the Liability Mechanism for Commercial Outer Space Activities—Unravelling the Sources.†India Quarterly 75, no. 4 (2019): 555–78.
Prasetyo, Dony Aditya. “Tanggung Jawab Negara Peluncur Terhadap Sampah Ruang Angkasa.†Arena Hukum 9, no. 1 (2016): 1–16.
Putra, Satria Diaz Pratama, Agus Pramono, and M Kabul Supriyadhie. “Analisis Yuridis Eksistensi Yurisdiksi Satelit Ruang Angkasa Menurut Hukum Internasional.†Diponegoro Law Journal 8, no. 1 (2019): 706–13.
Tyasworo, Niken, and Mas Nana Jumena. “Tanggung Jawab Perusahaan Dalam Komersialisasi Ruang Angkasa Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Outer Space Treaty 1967 (Studi Tentang Wisata Ruang Angkasa).†Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law 2, no. 2 (2021): 131–51.
Wiharjanti, Tri, and Diah Apriani Atika Sari. “Prinsip Good Neighborliness dalam Pencemaran Asap Lintas Batas (Transboundary Haze Pollution) Di Kawasan Asean.†Belli Ac Pacis 2, no. 2 (n.d.): 16–22.
Yasa, Made Maharta. “Pertanggungjawaban Negara Dan Penanganan Sampah Ruang Angkasa (Space Debris) Menurut Hukum Internasional.†Kertha Desa 10, no. 6 (2022): 403–14.
3. Perjanjian Internasional
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies 1967
The Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space 1974
4. Media Online
Editors, History.com. “The Space Race.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/space-race.
Foundation, Secure World. “Summit for Space Sustainability.†Accessed January 3, 2023. https://swfsummit.org/.
Garcia, Mark. “Space Debris and Human Spacecraft | NASA.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/news/orbital_debris.html.
Gerbis, Nicholas. “10 Major Players in the Private Sector Space Race.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://science.howstuffworks.com/10-major-players-in-private-sector-space-race.htm.
Grady, Monica. “Private Companies Are Launching a New Space Race – Here’s What to Expect.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://theconversation.com/private-companies-are-launching-a-new-space-race-heres-what-to-expect-80697.
Jeffrey, Kluger. “Inside the New Race to the Moon | Time.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://time.com/longform/race-to-the-moon/.
Maddie, Davis. “The Space Race | Miller Center.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/space-race.
Michelle, La Vone. “Kessler Syndrome –.†Accessed March 28, 2022. http://www.spacesafetymagazine.com/space-debris/kessler-syndrome/.
REVFINE. “Space Tourism: 7 Space Companies to Make You An Astronaut.†Accessed March 18, 2021. https://www.revfine.com/space-tourism.
Tereza, Pultarova, and Howell Elizabeth. “Starlink Satellites: Facts, Tracking and Impact on Astronomy | Space.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-satellites.html.
UCSUSA. “What Are Satellites Used For? | Union of Concerned Scientists.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/what-are-satellites-used.
Valerie. “12 Space Tourism Companies That Will Send You to Space ⋆ Space Tourism Guide.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://spacetourismguide.com/space-tourism-companies.
Kusumaatmadja, Mochtar, and Etty R Agoes. Pengantar Hukum Internasional. Penerbit Alumni, 2021.
Lyall, Francis. Space Law: A Treatise. Routledge, 2016.
Soekanto, Soerjono, and Sri Mamudji. Penelitian Hukum Normatif : Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2015.
Starke, JG. Pengantar Hukum Internasional. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2010.
Tronchetti, Fabio. Fundamentals of Space Law and Policy. Vol. 26. Springer, 2013.
Viikari, Lotta. The Environmental Element in Space Law. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff, 2008.
Widagdo, Setyo, Adi Kusumaningrum, and Dony Aditya Prasetyo. Pengantar Hukum Perjanjian Internasional. Universitas Brawijaya Press, 2019.
Widagdo, Setyo, Herman Suryokumoro, Hanif Nur Widhiyanti, Dhiana Puspitawati, Patricia Audrey, Adi Kusumaningrum, Rika Kurniaty, Agis Ardhiansyah, Hikmatul Ula, and Yasniar Rachmawati Madjid. Hukum Internasional Dalam Dinamika Hubungan Internasional. Universitas Brawijaya Press, 2019.
2. Artikel Jurnal Ilmiah
Ardhiansyah, Agis. “Urgensi Pengaturan Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle (UAV) Sebagai Senjata Menurut Hukum Humaniter Internasional.†DIVERSI: Jurnal Hukum 8, no. 1 (2022): 1–27.
Gupta, Biswanath, and K D Raju. “Understanding International Space Law and the Liability Mechanism for Commercial Outer Space Activities—Unravelling the Sources.†India Quarterly 75, no. 4 (2019): 555–78.
Prasetyo, Dony Aditya. “Tanggung Jawab Negara Peluncur Terhadap Sampah Ruang Angkasa.†Arena Hukum 9, no. 1 (2016): 1–16.
Putra, Satria Diaz Pratama, Agus Pramono, and M Kabul Supriyadhie. “Analisis Yuridis Eksistensi Yurisdiksi Satelit Ruang Angkasa Menurut Hukum Internasional.†Diponegoro Law Journal 8, no. 1 (2019): 706–13.
Tyasworo, Niken, and Mas Nana Jumena. “Tanggung Jawab Perusahaan Dalam Komersialisasi Ruang Angkasa Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Outer Space Treaty 1967 (Studi Tentang Wisata Ruang Angkasa).†Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law 2, no. 2 (2021): 131–51.
Wiharjanti, Tri, and Diah Apriani Atika Sari. “Prinsip Good Neighborliness dalam Pencemaran Asap Lintas Batas (Transboundary Haze Pollution) Di Kawasan Asean.†Belli Ac Pacis 2, no. 2 (n.d.): 16–22.
Yasa, Made Maharta. “Pertanggungjawaban Negara Dan Penanganan Sampah Ruang Angkasa (Space Debris) Menurut Hukum Internasional.†Kertha Desa 10, no. 6 (2022): 403–14.
3. Perjanjian Internasional
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies 1967
The Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space 1974
4. Media Online
Editors, History.com. “The Space Race.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/space-race.
Foundation, Secure World. “Summit for Space Sustainability.†Accessed January 3, 2023. https://swfsummit.org/.
Garcia, Mark. “Space Debris and Human Spacecraft | NASA.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/news/orbital_debris.html.
Gerbis, Nicholas. “10 Major Players in the Private Sector Space Race.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://science.howstuffworks.com/10-major-players-in-private-sector-space-race.htm.
Grady, Monica. “Private Companies Are Launching a New Space Race – Here’s What to Expect.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://theconversation.com/private-companies-are-launching-a-new-space-race-heres-what-to-expect-80697.
Jeffrey, Kluger. “Inside the New Race to the Moon | Time.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://time.com/longform/race-to-the-moon/.
Maddie, Davis. “The Space Race | Miller Center.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/space-race.
Michelle, La Vone. “Kessler Syndrome –.†Accessed March 28, 2022. http://www.spacesafetymagazine.com/space-debris/kessler-syndrome/.
REVFINE. “Space Tourism: 7 Space Companies to Make You An Astronaut.†Accessed March 18, 2021. https://www.revfine.com/space-tourism.
Tereza, Pultarova, and Howell Elizabeth. “Starlink Satellites: Facts, Tracking and Impact on Astronomy | Space.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-satellites.html.
UCSUSA. “What Are Satellites Used For? | Union of Concerned Scientists.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/what-are-satellites-used.
Valerie. “12 Space Tourism Companies That Will Send You to Space ⋆ Space Tourism Guide.†Accessed July 22, 2021. https://spacetourismguide.com/space-tourism-companies.
Diterbitkan
2023-08-10
##submission.howToCite##
PRASETYO, Dony Aditya.
Pembentukan Instrumen Hukum Internasional Baru tentang Lalu Lintas Di Ruang Angkasa.
DIVERSI : Jurnal Hukum, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 1, p. 1 - 27, aug. 2023.
ISSN 2614-5936.
Tersedia pada: <https://ejournal.uniska-kediri.ac.id/index.php/Diversi/article/view/3226>. Tanggal Akses: 21 dec. 2024
doi: https://doi.org/10.32503/diversi.v9i1.3226.
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