Konflik pada Tempat Kerja Berdasarkan Gaya Kepemimpinan Toxic di Perguruan Tinggi: Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
There have been many studies discussing toxic leadership styles, and their impact on organizational culture, missions, and individuals. However, it is rare to find explicit discussions about toxic leadership styles, especially in a complex and comprehensive manner in education, especially universities/universities. The term "toxic leadership" was first introduced in 1996 (Whicker, 1996), where it began to discuss the role of influencing leadership culture in business and military institutions. However, empirical literature began to be carried out in 2007 (Padilla et al., 2007) which linked leadership with the concept of the Higher Education system with the phenomenon of "social learning". To better understand the development process regarding this variable which was carried out in 2000 at this time, the author will use a systematic literature review analysis of previous research regarding the influence of toxic leadership in tertiary institutions from three different perspectives including: 1). How to understand toxic leadership in influencing organizational culture? 2). How to understand toxic leadership in influencing employee morale (morale) in college? as well as 3). Examine the role of toxic leadership in shaping the work environment of employees, so as to improve performance in an organization.
References
Basu, K. (2012). How to tackle incivility among faculty members. Inside Higher Ed.
Burgman, R. (2016). Advice for dealing with bullying behavior.
Cleary, M., Walter, G., Andrew, S., & Jackson, D. (2013). Commentary: Negative workplace behaviours at the University of Hard Knocks. Contemporary Nurse, 44(2), 253–256.
Farley, S., & Sprigg, C. (2014). Culture of cruelty: Why bullying thrives in higher education. Retrieved April, 7, 2015.
Findlay, H. J., Freeman, S., Hyacinth, E., & Findlay, H. E. (2016). Building multi-generational teams and avoiding fatal leadership. Journal of Higher Education Management, 31(1), 28–43.
Fowlie, J., & Wood, M. (2009). The emotional impact of leaders’ behaviours. Journal of European Industrial Training.
Frazier, K. N. (2011). Academic bullying: A barrier to tenure and promotion for African-American faculty. Florida Journal of Educational Administration & Policy, 5(1), 1–13.
Hollis, L. P. (2012). Bully in the ivory tower: How aggression & incivility erode American higher education. LP Hollis.
Kusy, M., & Holloway, E. (2009). Toxic workplace!: Managing toxic personalities and their systems of power. John Wiley & Sons.
Lester, J. (2013a). Workplace Bullying in Higher Education: Some Legal Background. In Workplace Bullying in Higher Education (pp. 101–117). Routledge.
Lester, J. (2013b). Workplace bullying in higher education. Routledge New York.
Lipman-Blumen, J. (2005). Toxic leadership: When grand illusions masquerade as noble visions. Leader to Leader, 2005(36), 29–36.
Nyberg, A., Alfredsson, L., Theorell, T., Westerlund, H., Vahtera, J., & Kivimäki, M. (2009). Managerial leadership and ischaemic heart disease among employees: the Swedish WOLF study. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 66(1), 51–55.
Obilor, O. I., Kenneth, I., Okoroafor, F. O., Chima, E., & Bello, M. B. (2018). Democracy and National Development: A Focus on Nigeria. GNOSI: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Human Theory and Praxis, 1(2).
Padilla, A., Hogan, R., & Kaiser, R. B. (2007). The toxic triangle: Destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments. Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.001
Pelletier, K. L. (2010). Leader toxicity: An empirical investigation of toxic behavior and rhetoric. Leadership, 6(4), 373–389.
Piotrowski, C., & King, C. (2016). The enigma of adult bullying in higher education: A research-based conceptual framework. Education, 136(3), 299–306.
Powers, S., Judge, L. W., & Makela, C. (2016). An investigation of destructive leadership in a Division I intercollegiate athletic department: Follower perceptions and reactions. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 11(3), 297–311.
Rizani, M., Rahmi Widyanti, Banjari, S. S. Al, & Kurniati. (2021). Pengaruh Toxic Leadership terhadap Kinerja Organisasi dengan Workplace Deviant Behavior Karyawan sebagai Pemediasi (Studi pada Kantor Dinas Sosial Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan). Strategic Management Journal, 1(6).
Scanlon, P. M. (2016). Halting academic incivility (That’s the nice word for it). Chronicle of Higher Education, 62(27), 22.
Thomas, J., & Harden, A. (2008). Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 8(1), 1–10.
Thomas, M. (2010). Perceptions of bullying in a higher education institution: A case study. University of Southampton.
Tierney, W. G. (1988). Organizational culture in higher education: Defining the essentials. The Journal of Higher Education, 59(1), 2–21.
Twale, D. J., & De Luca, B. M. (2008). Faculty incivility: The rise of the academic bully culture and what to do about it (Vol. 128). John Wiley & Sons.
Veldsman, T. H. (2012). The growing cancer endangering organisations: Toxic leadership. Conference on Leadership in Emerging Countries Presented by Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg.
Walton, M. (2007). Leadership toxicity–an inevitable affliction of organisations. Organisations and People, 14(1), 19–27.
Whicker, M. L. (1996a). Toxic leaders: When organizations go bad. Praeger.
Whicker, M. L. (1996b). Toxic leadership: When organizations go bad. Westport, CN: Quorum Books.
Yunus, A. M. (2020). A Study of the Principal’s Leadership Role on Teacher’s Performance in Tonra State Senior High School 1, Bone Regency of the South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. GNOSI: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Human Theory and Praxis, 3(2), 35–44.
Zapf, D., & Gross, C. (2001). Conflict escalation and coping with workplace bullying: A replication and extension. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10(4), 497–522.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
