The Urgency of Integrating Customary Sanctions in the National Criminal System as a Form of Restorative Justice in Biak Numfor Based on Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code.

iryana anwar; Yanuriansyah Ar Rasyid; Djamaludin Djamaludin; Ahmad Hisyam Lubis

doi:10.32503/klausula.v4i2.8114

iryana anwar universitas jember
Yanuriansyah Ar Rasyid Institut Cinta Tanah Air
Djamaludin Djamaludin Institut Cinta Tanah Air
Ahmad Hisyam Lubis Al Azhar University

##plugins.pubIds.doi.readerDisplayName## https://doi.org/10.32503/klausula.v4i2.8114

Abstrak

This research aims to analyze the legal arrangements regarding the recognition of the law that lives in society in the 2023 Criminal Code (KUHP) and examine the urgency of integrating customary sanctions in the national penal system, especially in Biak Numfor Regency, as a manifestation of restorative justice. The research method used is normative-empirical legal research, with a legislative, conceptual, and sociological approach, through literature study and analysis of customary case settlement practices in Biak Numfor. The results of the study show that normatively, Article 2 of the 2023 Criminal Code provides a clear legal basis for the recognition of living law as a source of national criminal law. Philosophically, the recognition is in line with the values of Pancasila, the theory of Volksgeist Savigny, and the principle of restorative justice that emphasizes the restoration of social relations. Meanwhile, sociologically, customary settlement practices in Biak Numfor have proven effective in creating peace, strengthening legal legitimacy, and reducing the burden of formal justice. This study emphasizes that the integration of customary sanctions into the national penal system is a strategic step towards a legal system that is humanistic, socially just, and rooted in the local values of Indonesian society.

Referensi

Adi, Rianto. Sosiologi Hukum: Kajian Hukum Secara Sosiologis. Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, 2012.
Amien, Miska. “Causa Materialis Pancasila Menurut Notonagoro.” Jurnal Filsafat 16, no. 1 (2006): 18–26.
Anggraeniko, Litya Surisdani, and Hesti Ayu Wahyuni. “Perkembangan Hukum Murni Serta Implementasinya Di Indonesia.” J-LEE-Journal of Law, English, and Economics 6, no. 1 (2024): 11–24.
Aulia, M Zulfa. “Friedrich Carl von Savigny Tentang Hukum: Hukum Sebagai Manifestasi Jiwa Bangsa.” Undang: Jurnal Hukum 3, no. 1 (2020): 201–36.
Budiyanto, Budiyanto. “Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif (Restorative Justice) Dalam Penyelesaian Delik Adat.” Papua Law Journal 1, no. 1 (October 25, 2018): 81–100. https://doi.org/10.31957/plj.v2i2.582.
Dawi, Klara, Sy Muhammad Ridho Rizki Maulufi Alkadrie, Angelia Pratiwi Mastiurlani Christina Sitorus, and Sri Ayu Septinawati. “Pengakuan Hukum Yang Hidup Dan Asas Legalitas Dalam KUHP Nasional: Kajian Perbandingan Antara Indonesia Dan Belanda.” Arus Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora 5, no. 2 (August 21, 2025): 2945–51. https://doi.org/10.57250/ajsh.v5i2.1567.
Faradila, Aulia. “Implikasi KUHP Nasional Terhadap Transformasi Peran Jaksa Dalam Penegakan Hukum Pidana Berbasis Hukum Adat” 27 (2025). https://doi.org/10.30595/pssh.v27i.1844.
Gani, Ilham A, M M SH, Muhammad Aksa Ansar, M H SH, and others. Pengantar Hukum Pidana (Teoritis, Prinsip, Dan Implementasi KUHP Baru UU No. 1 Tahun 2023). Penerbit Widina, 2025.
Hasim, Hasanuddin. “Hubungan Hukum Internasional Dan Hukum Nasional Perspektif Teori Monisme Dan Teori Dualisme.” Mazahibuna: Jurnal Perbandingan Mazhab, 2019.
Infrastruktur dan Pembangunan Kewilayahan, JDIH Kemenko Bidang. “UU 1/2023: Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP),” 2023. https://jdih.kemenkoinfra.go.id/uu-12023-kitab-undang-undang-hukum-pidana-kuhp?utm_source=chatgpt.com.
Kesatuan, Negara, and Republik Indonesia. “Pasal 602 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana,” no. 16100 (2023).
Krar, Brian, M Si Eviany, and others. “Peranan Lembaga Kankain Karkara Byak Dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Antar Kelompok Di Kabupaten Biak Numfor Provinsi Papua.” institut pemerintahan dalam negeri, 2025.
Living, Membedah, L A W Dalam, Kuhp Dari, and Orin Gusta Andini. “Perspektif Pemidanaan Dan Jenis Sanksi,” 2024, 349–73.
Malau, Parningotan. “Tinjauan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) Baru 2023.” AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial Islam 5, no. 1 (2023): 837–44. https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v5i1.2815.
Nonet, Philipe, and Philipe Selznick. Hukum Responsif. Nusamedia, 2019.
Prakoso, Adji. “Mahkamah Agung RI Usulkan Berbagai Ketentuan Penting Dalam Penyusunan Rancangan Peraturan Pemerintah Tentang Living Law.” Mari News, 2025. https://marinews.mahkamahagung.go.id/berita/mahkamah-agung-ri-usulkan-berbagai-ketentuan-penting-0hx?utm_source=chatgpt.com.
Rahardjo, Satjipto. Penegakan Hukum Progresif. Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2010.
Sebastian, Tanius. “Anti-Positivisme Ronald Dworkin: Menalar Hukum Sebagai Moralitas.” Undang: Jurnal Hukum 6, no. 1 (2023): 269–308.
Sihombing, Lasmin Alfies. “Restorative Justice, Kejahatan, Hukuman, Dan Peradilan Pidana: Sebuah Analisis Kesejarahan, Peluang Dan Tantangan.” UNES Law Review 6, no. 3 (2024): 8902–11.
Turmudzi, Khoiru. “Penerapan Konsep Pluralisme Hukum Sally Falk Moore Dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Di Tingkat Pemerintahan Daerah.” Jurnal Hukum Caraka Justitia 5, no. 1 (2025): 29–42.