Mekanisme Konsumsi Kefir Pada Penurunan Kolesterol Darah
Abstract
Kefir adalah minuman probiotik hasil olahan susu fermentasi yang banyak dikenal masyarakat karena manfaatnya. Salah satu manfaat yang diketahui adalah menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah. Kefir mengandung lebih dari 50 jenis mikroorganisme termasuk bakteri probiotik. Produk probiotik dikenal dapat membantu mengurangi kolesterol melalui aktifitas BAL (Bakteri Asam Laktat). Review ini berusaha menjelaskan bagaimana mekanisme BAL dalam menurunkan kolesterol pada darah. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kolesterol oleh kefir disebabkan oleh mekanisme dekonjugasi garam empedu dan aktivitas BSH oleh BAL
References
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Farag, M. A., Jomaa, S. A., El-Wahed, A. A., & El-Seedi, A. H. R. (2020). The Many Faces of Kefir Fermented Dairy Products: Quality Characteristics, Flavour Chemistry, Nutritional Value, Health Benefits, and Safety. Nutrients, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020346
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Huang, Y., Wang, X., Wang, J., Wu, F., Sui, Y., Yang, L., & Wang, Z. (2013). Lactobacillus plantarum strains as potential probiotic cultures with cholesterol-lowering activity. Journal of Dairy Science, 96(5), 2746–2753. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-6123
Khare, A., & Gaur, S. (2020). Cholesterol-Lowering Effects of Lactobacillus Species. Current Microbiology, 77(4), 638–644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-01903-w
Kim, D.-H., Jeong, D., Kim, H., & Seo, K.-H. (2019). Modern perspectives on the health benefits of kefir in next generation sequencing era: Improvement of the host gut microbiota. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 59(11), 1782–1793. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1428168
Kıvanç, M., & Yapıcı, E. (2015). Kefir as a Probiotic Dairy Beverage: Determination Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast. ETP International Journal of Food Engineering, 1(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijfe.1.1.55-60
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Kumar, R., Grover, S., & Batish, V. K. (2011). Hypocholesterolaemic effect of dietary inclusion of two putative probiotic bile salt hydrolase-producing Lactobacillus plantarum strains in Sprague-Dawley rats. The British Journal of Nutrition, 105(4), 561–573. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114510003740
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Lee, D.K., Jang, S., Baek, E.H. et al. Lactic acid bacteria affect serum cholesterol levels, harmful fecal enzyme activity, and fecal water content. Lipids Health Dis 8, 21 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-8-21
Lye, H.-S., Rusul, G., & Liong, M.-T. (2010). Removal of cholesterol by lactobacilli via incorporation and conversion to coprostanol. Journal of Dairy Science, 93(4), 1383–1392. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2574
Miao, J., Guo, H., Ou, Y., Liu, G., Fang, X., Liao, Z., Ke, C., Chen, Y., Zhao, L., & Cao, Y. (2014). Purification and characterization of bacteriocin F1, a novel bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans FX-6 from Tibetan kefir, a traditional fermented milk from Tibet, China. Food Control, 42, 48–53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.01.041
Miremadi, F., Ayyash, M., Sherkat, F., & Stojanovska, L. (2014). Cholesterol reduction mechanisms and fatty acid composition of cellular membranes of probiotic Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. Journal of Functional Foods, 9, 295–305. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2014.05.002
Narwal, V., Deswal, R., Batra, B., Kalra, V., Hooda, R., Sharma, M., & Rana, J. S. (2019). Cholesterol biosensors: A review. Steroids, 143, 6–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2018.12.003
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Rosa, DD. Peluzio, M. Bueno, T. Canizares, E. Miranda, L. Dorbingyi, B. Dubi, D. Castano, I. Grzeskowiak, L. Ferreira, C. 2014. Evaluation of the Subchronic Toxicity of Kefir by Oral Administration in Wistar Rats. Nutrition Hospital. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2014.29.6.7390
Salaj, R., Štofilová, J., Šoltesová, A., Hertelyová, Z., Hijová, E., Bertková, I., Strojný, L., Kružliak, P. and Bomba, A., 2013. The effects of two Lactobacillus plantarum strains on rat lipid metabolism receiving a high fat diet. The Scientific World Journal, 2013.
Slattery, C., Cotter, P. D., & O’Toole, P. W. (2019). Analysis of Health Benefits Conferred by Lactobacillus Species from Kefir. Nutrients, 11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061252
Wang, J., Zhang, H., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Menghebilige, & Bao, Q. (2012). Selection of potential probiotic lactobacilli for cholesterol-lowering properties and their effect on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed a high-lipid diet. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(4), 1645–1654. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4768
Xie, N., Cui, Y., Yin, Y.-N., Zhao, X., Yang, J.-W., Wang, Z.-G., Fu, N., Tang, Y., Wang, X.-H., Liu, X.-W., Wang, C.-L., & Lu, F.-G. (2011). Effects of two Lactobacillus strains on lipid metabolism and intestinal microflora in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 11, 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-53
Yusuf, D., Nuraida, L., Dewanti-Hariyadi, R., & Hunaefi, D. (2019). In Vitro Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Indonesian Kefir Grains as Probiotics with Cholesterol-Lowering Effect. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 30(5), 726–732. https://neuro.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32482938/In_Vitro_Characterization_of_Lactic_Acid_Bacteria_from_Indonesian_Kefir_Grains_as_Probiotics_with_Cholesterol_Lowering_Effect_
Yuniastuti, A., 2004. Pengaruh Pemberian Susu Fermentasi Lactobacillus Casei Strain Shirota Terhadap Perubahan Kadar Fraksi Lipid Serum Tikus Hiperkolesterolemi (Effect of administration of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota fermented milk on the alteration of serum lipid fraction of Hypercholesterolemic Rats) (Doctoral dissertation, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro).
Bellikci-Koyu, E., Sarer-Yurekli, B. P., Akyon, Y., Aydin-Kose, F., Karagozlu, C., Ozgen, A. G., Brinkmann, A., Nitsche, A., Ergunay, K., Yilmaz, E., & Buyuktuncer, Z. (2019). Effects of Regular Kefir Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Parallel-Group, Randomized, Controlled Study. Nutrients, 11(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092089
Cortes, V. A., Busso, D., Maiz, A., Arteaga, A., Nervi, F., & Rigotti, A. (2014). Physiological and pathological implications of cholesterol. Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition), 19, 416–428. https://doi.org/10.2741/4216
de Grano, R.V., Aportadera, E.T.C., Devanadera, M.K., Santiago, M.R. and Dalmacio, L.M., 2015. Molecular identification of cholesterol-lowering lactic acid bacteria isolated from cocowater kefir. Acta Manilana, 63, pp.33-38.
Diniz Rosa, D., Gouveia Peluzio, M. do C., Pérez Bueno, T., Vega Cañizares, E., Sánchez Miranda, L., Mancebo Dorbignyi, B., Chong DubÃ, D., Espinosa Castaño, I., Marcin Grzes Kowiak, L., & Fortes Ferreira, C. L. de L. (2014). Evaluation of the subchronic toxicity of kefir by oral administration in Wistar rats. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 29(6), 1352—1359. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2014.29.6.7390
Ebrahim, Shah; Taylor, Fiona C; Brindle, Peter; (2014) Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. BMJ (Clinical research ed), 348 (jan27 ). g280-. ISSN 0959-8138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g280
Fadhilah, A.N., Hafsan, H. and Nur, F., 2015. Penurunan kadar kolesterol oleh bakteri asam laktat asal dangke secara in vitro. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi (Vol. 1, No. 1).
Farag, M. A., Jomaa, S. A., El-Wahed, A. A., & El-Seedi, A. H. R. (2020). The Many Faces of Kefir Fermented Dairy Products: Quality Characteristics, Flavour Chemistry, Nutritional Value, Health Benefits, and Safety. Nutrients, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020346
Foo, Hooi Ling & Loh, Teck & Lim, Yin & Mohamad Hazir, Nur Shukriyah & C.N, Kufli & Law, Fanglin. (2003). Effects of Fermented Fruits on Growth Performance, Shedding of Enterobacteriaceae and Lactic Acid Bacteria and Plasma Cholesterol in Rats. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 2. 10.3923/pjn.2003.228.233.
Guo, Z., Liu, X. M., Zhang, Q. X., Shen, Z., Tian, F. W., Zhang, H., Sun, Z. H., Zhang, H. P., & Chen, W. (2011). Influence of consumption of probiotics on the plasma lipid profile: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD, 21(11), 844–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2011.04.008
Guzel-Seydim, Z. B., Kok-Tas, T., Greene, A. K., & Seydim, A. C. (2011). Review: functional properties of kefir. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 51(3), 261—268. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408390903579029
Hu, X., Wang, T., Li, W. et al. Effects of NS lactobacillus strains on lipid metabolism of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Lipids Health Dis 12, 67 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-12-67
Huang, Y., Wang, X., Wang, J., Wu, F., Sui, Y., Yang, L., & Wang, Z. (2013). Lactobacillus plantarum strains as potential probiotic cultures with cholesterol-lowering activity. Journal of Dairy Science, 96(5), 2746–2753. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-6123
Khare, A., & Gaur, S. (2020). Cholesterol-Lowering Effects of Lactobacillus Species. Current Microbiology, 77(4), 638–644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-01903-w
Kim, D.-H., Jeong, D., Kim, H., & Seo, K.-H. (2019). Modern perspectives on the health benefits of kefir in next generation sequencing era: Improvement of the host gut microbiota. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 59(11), 1782–1793. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1428168
Kıvanç, M., & Yapıcı, E. (2015). Kefir as a Probiotic Dairy Beverage: Determination Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast. ETP International Journal of Food Engineering, 1(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijfe.1.1.55-60
Kumar, M., Nagpal, R., Kumar, R., Hemalatha, R., Verma, V., Kumar, A., Chakraborty, C., Singh, B., Marotta, F., Jain, S., & Yadav, H. (2012). Cholesterol-lowering probiotics as potential biotherapeutics for metabolic diseases. Experimental Diabetes Research, 2012, 902917. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/902917
Kumar, R., Grover, S., & Batish, V. K. (2011). Hypocholesterolaemic effect of dietary inclusion of two putative probiotic bile salt hydrolase-producing Lactobacillus plantarum strains in Sprague-Dawley rats. The British Journal of Nutrition, 105(4), 561–573. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114510003740
Kumar M, Nagpal R, Kumar R, Hemalatha R, Verma V, Kumar A, Chakraborty C, Singh B, Marotta F, Jain S, Yadav H. Cholesterol-lowering probiotics as potential biotherapeutics for metabolic diseases. Exp Diabetes Res. 2012;2012:902917. doi: 10.1155/2012/902917. Epub 2012 May 3. Erratum in: J Diabetes Res. 2022 Apr 1;2022:3952529. PMID: 22611376; PMCID: PMC3352670.
Lecerf, J. M., & De Lorgeril, M. (2011). Dietary cholesterol: From physiology to cardiovascular risk. British Journal of Nutrition, 106(1), 6–14. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511000237
Lee, D.K., Jang, S., Baek, E.H. et al. Lactic acid bacteria affect serum cholesterol levels, harmful fecal enzyme activity, and fecal water content. Lipids Health Dis 8, 21 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-8-21
Lye, H.-S., Rusul, G., & Liong, M.-T. (2010). Removal of cholesterol by lactobacilli via incorporation and conversion to coprostanol. Journal of Dairy Science, 93(4), 1383–1392. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2574
Miao, J., Guo, H., Ou, Y., Liu, G., Fang, X., Liao, Z., Ke, C., Chen, Y., Zhao, L., & Cao, Y. (2014). Purification and characterization of bacteriocin F1, a novel bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans FX-6 from Tibetan kefir, a traditional fermented milk from Tibet, China. Food Control, 42, 48–53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.01.041
Miremadi, F., Ayyash, M., Sherkat, F., & Stojanovska, L. (2014). Cholesterol reduction mechanisms and fatty acid composition of cellular membranes of probiotic Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. Journal of Functional Foods, 9, 295–305. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2014.05.002
Narwal, V., Deswal, R., Batra, B., Kalra, V., Hooda, R., Sharma, M., & Rana, J. S. (2019). Cholesterol biosensors: A review. Steroids, 143, 6–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2018.12.003
Nirmagustina, Dwi Eva. Pegaruh Minuman Fungsional Mengandung Tepung Kedelai Kaya Isoflavon dan Serat Pangan terhadap Kadar Total Kolesterol dan Trigliserida Serum Tikus Percobaan. Jurnal Teknologi dan Hasil Industri Pertanian 12, no.2 (2007): h.45-52
Öner, Ö., Aslim, B., & Aydaş, S. B. (2014). Mechanisms of cholesterol-lowering effects of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains as potential probiotics with their bsh gene analysis. Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, 24(1), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.1159/000354316
Rosa, DD. Peluzio, M. Bueno, T. Canizares, E. Miranda, L. Dorbingyi, B. Dubi, D. Castano, I. Grzeskowiak, L. Ferreira, C. 2014. Evaluation of the Subchronic Toxicity of Kefir by Oral Administration in Wistar Rats. Nutrition Hospital. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2014.29.6.7390
Salaj, R., Štofilová, J., Šoltesová, A., Hertelyová, Z., Hijová, E., Bertková, I., Strojný, L., Kružliak, P. and Bomba, A., 2013. The effects of two Lactobacillus plantarum strains on rat lipid metabolism receiving a high fat diet. The Scientific World Journal, 2013.
Slattery, C., Cotter, P. D., & O’Toole, P. W. (2019). Analysis of Health Benefits Conferred by Lactobacillus Species from Kefir. Nutrients, 11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061252
Wang, J., Zhang, H., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Menghebilige, & Bao, Q. (2012). Selection of potential probiotic lactobacilli for cholesterol-lowering properties and their effect on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed a high-lipid diet. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(4), 1645–1654. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4768
Xie, N., Cui, Y., Yin, Y.-N., Zhao, X., Yang, J.-W., Wang, Z.-G., Fu, N., Tang, Y., Wang, X.-H., Liu, X.-W., Wang, C.-L., & Lu, F.-G. (2011). Effects of two Lactobacillus strains on lipid metabolism and intestinal microflora in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 11, 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-53
Yusuf, D., Nuraida, L., Dewanti-Hariyadi, R., & Hunaefi, D. (2019). In Vitro Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Indonesian Kefir Grains as Probiotics with Cholesterol-Lowering Effect. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 30(5), 726–732. https://neuro.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32482938/In_Vitro_Characterization_of_Lactic_Acid_Bacteria_from_Indonesian_Kefir_Grains_as_Probiotics_with_Cholesterol_Lowering_Effect_
Yuniastuti, A., 2004. Pengaruh Pemberian Susu Fermentasi Lactobacillus Casei Strain Shirota Terhadap Perubahan Kadar Fraksi Lipid Serum Tikus Hiperkolesterolemi (Effect of administration of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota fermented milk on the alteration of serum lipid fraction of Hypercholesterolemic Rats) (Doctoral dissertation, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro).
Published
2022-10-31
How to Cite
RINANTI, Rosyida Fajri; UTOMO, Budi; TRIBUDI, Yuli Arif.
Mekanisme Konsumsi Kefir Pada Penurunan Kolesterol Darah.
Jurnal Ilmiah Fillia Cendekia, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 2, p. 166-172, oct. 2022.
ISSN 2598-6325.
Available at: <https://ejournal.uniska-kediri.ac.id/index.php/FilliaCendekia/article/view/2333>. Date accessed: 22 jan. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32503/fillia.v7i2.2333.
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Articles
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